A novel strain designated Wo-34(T) was isolated from bamboo (Phyllostachys bambusoides) litter. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, catalase-negative and oxidase-positive rods. The isolate grew aerobically at 15-35 °C (optimum 28 °C), pH 4.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0-1.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0.1% NaCl). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain Wo-34(T) belonged to the genus Reyranella with the sequence similarities of 97.9% and 97.3% to the other species of the genus Reyranella, Reyranella massiliensis 521(T) and Reyranella soli KIS14-15(T), respectively. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-10. Major fatty acids were C18 : 1&#9697c, C18 : 1 2-OH and C19 : 0 cyclo &#9698c. The polar lipids contained phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown aminolipid, unidentified phospholipids and unknown lipids. DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain Wo-34(T) and R. massiliensis DSM 23428(T) and R. soli KACC 13034(T) were 35% and 29%, respectively. On the basis of polyphasic analysis from this study, strain Wo-34(T) represents a novel species of the genus Reyranella for which the name Reyranella graminifolii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Wo-34(T) (&#8202= KACC 17605(T)&#8202= NBRC 109813(T)).